cognados
-ent -ant becomes -ente -ante
diferente
importante

-ary becomes -ario
necesario

-ence -ence becomes -encia -ancia
diferencia
preferencia

-tion becomes -ción
condición
posición
situación
reservación

-ical becomes -ico
politico

SPECIAL = ESPECIAL
Words beginning sp-, st- or sc- in English usually start
esp-, est- or esc- in Spanish, ‘student’ estudiante; ‘school’ escuela.

ENGLISH WORDS ENDING ‘-TY’
Words ending in -ty usually end in -tad or -dad in Spanish:
especialidad; libertad; oportunidad; cualidad

verb cognates, just add -ar, formar, confirmar, preparar
verbs ending in -pose, become -poner, oponer, suponer, componer