{"id":1041,"date":"2018-12-13T08:52:10","date_gmt":"2018-12-13T08:52:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lingua.avant.net\/v\/?p=1041"},"modified":"2018-12-16T10:36:11","modified_gmt":"2018-12-16T10:36:11","slug":"conjugaciones","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lingua.avant.net\/v\/conjugaciones\/","title":{"rendered":"conjugaciones<\/span>"},"content":{"rendered":"

Conjugations are sexy. The word “conjugation” shares the same latin origin as “conjugal” (as in “conjugal visit”), which in turn was a loan word from ancient Greek, meaning “to join” (or “to yoke”) together.<\/p>\n

You can learn conjugations via conjugation tables<\/a>, and in fact conjugation tables are an excellent resource for looking up specific verb forms (especially for irregular verbs). That said, it’s not exactly sexy, and it misses an excellent opportunity to learn the patterns of cojugations. Studying conjugation tables is like studying the Kama Sutra (with all of it’s individual positions) versus actually having sex. You’re going to want to do both, but at the end of the day, it’s the sex that matters.<\/p>\n

\n

Seducing the Verb<\/h2>\n

Think of the subject (I, you, he\/she, they, we) as the seducer. Think of the verb as a lovely goddess, who wants to be seduced. All verbs end in either -AR (hablar), -ER (comer), or -IR (vivir). This is the infinitive form of a verb, the “to” form, where there is no subject. The infinitive is the goddess in all her “infinite” glory, waiting to be seduced.<\/p>\n

I’ll use these verbs as examples throughout:<\/p>\n

hablar = to speak<\/em><\/p>\n

comer = to eat
\nvivir = to live<\/em><\/p>\n

* The -ER\/-IR verbs follow a specific pattern that is different than the -AR verbs. It’s helpful to imagine two different types of verbs (-AR versus -ER\/-IR). Where they differ, I will keep a space between the examples.<\/p>\n

\n

yo = I<\/h3>\n

Think of this as the “O” form, as in O<\/strong>rgasm. The subject is me or I<\/em>, so think of this as an orgasm by oneself. Or the goddess giving a blow<\/strong>job, whichever helps you remember.<\/p>\n

hablo = I speak<\/em>
\ncomo = I eat
\nvivo = I live<\/em><\/p>\n

* the subject “yo” is unecessary. You can still use the subject with the conjugated verb (yo hablo), but specifying the subject in this way will overemphasize the subject (“I”<\/strong> speak).<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

usted\/el\/ella = you\/he\/she<\/h3>\n

Think of this as vanila sex. This is the missionary position of conjugation. Nothing kinky going on here.<\/p>\n

habla = you\/he\/she speaks<\/em><\/p>\n

come = you\/he\/she eats
\nvive = you\/he\/she lives<\/em><\/p>\n

* to avoid ambiguity, it is common to include the subject (usted habla). The formal “you” (usted) is the same as speaking to someone in the third person.<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

t\u00fa = you<\/h3>\n

T\u00fa, the informal you, gets a little kinky. Everything ends in an -s. I’ll let your dirty imagination fill in the rest.<\/p>\n

hablas = you speak<\/em><\/p>\n

comes = you eat
\nvives = you live<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

ustedes\/ellos\/ellas = you (plural)\/they (masculine\/feminine)<\/h3>\n

Two or more people are having sex, and “yo” is not invited. It’s kinkier than the vanila sex, but not much, everything ends in -n.<\/p>\n

hablan = they speak<\/em><\/p>\n

comen = they eat
\nviven = they live<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

nosotros = we<\/h3>\n

You + me + a verb, that’s a threesome, and “yo” is invited. This is getting so kinky everything ends in -mos.<\/p>\n

hablamos = we speak<\/em><\/p>\n

comemos = we eat
\nvivimos = we live<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

vosotros\/vosotras = you (informal plural)<\/h3>\n

This is so kinky they only say it in Spain. This is like an Eyes Wide Shut<\/a> sex party, and “yo” is just a spectator. Vosotros even shifts the accent to the final sylable.<\/p>\n

habl\u00e1is = you all speak<\/em><\/p>\n

com\u00e9is = you all eat
\nviv\u00eds = you all live<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

Present Tense<\/h2>\n

The sedecution is happening now. You’ve just learned the present tense. Here is an overview:<\/p>\n

hablo, habla, hablas, hablan, hablamos, habl\u00e1is<\/em><\/p>\n

como, come, comes, comen, comemos, com\u00e9is
\nvivo, vive, vives, viven, vivimos, viv\u00eds<\/em><\/p>\n

In latin american Spanish, there are only five subjects. In Spain there is a sixth subject (vosotros). For every tense, these five conjugations apply (six if you include vosotros).<\/p>\n

\n

Imperative Tense (command)<\/h2>\n

Break out the S&M gear. Spanish has an entire tense just for giving commands (sit! stand! swallow!). This gets so kinky the -AR verbs act like -ER verbs, and the -ER\/-IR verbs act like -AR verbs.<\/p>\n

*, hable, habla\/hables(neg.), hablen, hablemos, hablad\/habl\u00e9is(neg.) <\/em><\/p>\n

*, coma, come\/comas(neg.), coman, comamos, comed\/com\u00e1is(neg.)
\n*, viva, vive\/vivas(neg.), vivan, vivamos, vivid\/viv\u00e1is(neg.)<\/em><\/p>\n

* there is no “yo” form in the imperative tense, yo can’t tell yo what to do.<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

Future Tense<\/h2>\n

Imagine the verbs in sexy sci-fi outfits, with futuristic ray<\/strong> guns…<\/p>\n

hablar\u00e9, halbar\u00e1, hablar\u00e1s, hablar\u00e1n, hablaremos, hablar\u00e9is<\/em>
\ncomer\u00e9, comer\u00e1, comer\u00e1s, comer\u00e1n, comeremos, comer\u00e9is
\nvivir\u00e9, vivir\u00e1, vivir\u00e1s, vivir\u00e1n, viviremos, vivir\u00e9is<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

Conditional Tense<\/h2>\n

Maybe she would<\/strong>, maybe she wouldn’t<\/strong>. Imagine the verbs in the woods<\/strong>, in a fantasy forest that is not rea<\/em><\/strong>l.<\/p>\n

hablar\u00eda, hablar\u00eda, hablar\u00edas, hablar\u00edan, hablar\u00edamos, hablar\u00edais <\/em>
\ncomer\u00eda, comer\u00eda, comer\u00edas, comer\u00edan, comer\u00edamos, comer\u00edais
\nvivir\u00eda, vivir\u00eda, vivir\u00edas, vivir\u00edan, vivir\u00edamos, vivir\u00edais<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

Preterite (past) Tense<\/h2>\n

What happens in the preterite past, stays in the preterite past. This is like a sexy affair, or the crazy sex you had in college and never did afterwards. This is as kinky as conjugations get. Pay attention to the ellos form (-aron and -ieron) as it’s so kinky it will influence other tenses.<\/p>\n

habl\u00e9, habl\u00f3, hablaste, hablaron, hablamos, hablasteis<\/em><\/p>\n

com\u00ed, comi\u00f3, comiste, comieron, comimos, comisteis
\nviv\u00ed, vivi\u00f3, viviste, vivieron, vivimos, vivisteis<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

Imperfect (past) Tense<\/h2>\n

Spanish has two past tenses. One for the crazy kinky things that you never did again, and another for the mundane every-morning sex shared between spouses. Think of this as “was-ing”: I was eating, I was sleeping. This is the imperfect past. It’s fun, it’s beautiful, but it’s not as kinky as that one-time affair in the preterite past.<\/p>\n

hablaba, hablaba, hablabas, hablaban, habl\u00e1bamos, hablabais<\/em><\/p>\n

com\u00eda, com\u00eda, com\u00edas, com\u00edan, com\u00edamos, com\u00edais
\nviv\u00eda, viv\u00eda, viv\u00edas, viv\u00edan, viv\u00edamos, viv\u00edais
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

Subjunctive Tenses<\/h2>\n

The great thing about Spanish verbs is that you’ll never get bored of things to do with them. They’re wonderful lovers. The conjugations get kinkier beyond your English imagination, especially with subjunctive tenses.<\/p>\n

Spanish verbs are moody. When the mood is uncertain, hypothetical or in any way unreal, then the subjunctive tense will be used. It will likely be used when there is emotion being expressed. Here are some common introductions to a subjunctive mood:<\/p>\n

que … (“that …)<\/em>
\nsi … (“if …”)<\/em>
\naunque … (“although …”)<\/em>
\nOjal\u00e1 que … (“hopefully …” from Arabic \u0625\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u02bein \u0161\u0101\u02be \u02beall\u0101h “God willing”)<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

Present Subjunctive<\/h3>\n

In the subjunctive present, the -AR verbs behave like -ER verbs, and vice-versa.<\/p>\n

hable, hable, hables, hablen, hablemos, habl\u00e9is<\/em><\/p>\n

coma, coma, comas, coman, comamos, com\u00e1is
\nviva, viva, vivas, vivan, vivamos, viv\u00e1is<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

Past Subjunctive (conditional past)<\/h3>\n

This is the “if past”. Imagine what kinky things might have happened in the past. This is the regret of what might have been. As a result, use the super kinky preterite past “ellos” conjugation and replace “-on” with “-a”. For example: fueron, hablaron, comieron … fuera, hablara, comiera<\/p>\n

hablara, hablara, hablaras, hablaran, habl\u00e1ramos, hablarais<\/em>
\ncomiera, comiera, comieras, comieran, com\u00ederamos, comierais
\nviviera, viviera, vivieras, vivieran, vivieramos, vivierais<\/em><\/p>\n

More formally, you can use this form:<\/p>\n

hablase, hablase, hablases, hablasen, habl\u00e1semos, hablaseis<\/em>
\ncomiese, comiese, comieses, comiesen, com\u00edesemos, comieseis
\nviviese, viviese, vivieses, viviesen, viviesemos, vivieseis<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

Future Subjunctive (hypothetical future)<\/h3>\n

In practice, this is rarely used. One normally uses the present subjunctive for the future. But there is something beautiful about a subjunctive mood in a hypothetical future, something that can’t really be expressed well in English. It uses the same basic form as the subjunctive past, but with a -re ending rather than a -ra.<\/p>\n

hablare, hablare, hablares, hablaren, habl\u00e1remos, hablareis
\ncomiere, comiere, comieres, comieren, com\u00ederemos, comiereis
\nviviere, viviere, vivieres, vivieren, vivi\u00e9remos, viviereis<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

Present participle (-ing tense)<\/h2>\n

I am thinking, she was thinking, we will be thinking<\/em>. Spanish, like English, often uses the verb “to be” along with the present participle. Ending a verb in -ing is pretty simple; for Spanish, -AR verbs will end in -ando, and -ER\/-IR verbs will end -iendo.<\/p>\n

hablando = speaking
\ncomiendo = eating
\nviviendo = living<\/em><\/p>\n

Most commonly, conjugate the verb estar (to be) according to the respective subject, for example:<\/p>\n

estoy hablando = I am speaking
\nest\u00e1s comiendo = you are eating
\nestuvi\u00e9remos viviendo = we will (hypothetically) be living *<\/em><\/p>\n

* that last example is the rarely used future subjunctive. It is difficult to express in English, it refers to the feeling of uncertainty about a future where we may (or may not) be alive. The point is, any conjugation of estar (to be) can be used with a present participle.<\/p>\n

\n

Past Participle (haber, the helper goddess)<\/h2>\n

I have spoken, she had spoken, we will have spoken<\/em>. Spanish, like English, uses the verb “to have” along with the past participle of a verb. The verb “to have” is ambiguous in English, sometimes referring to possession (I had<\/strong> a car), and other times as an auxiliary verb (I had<\/em> bought a car), which can lead to funny situations (I had<\/em> had<\/strong> a car).<\/p>\n

Spanish avoids this ambiguity. The verb haber is only used in the auxiliary sense. The verb tener is used for possession (tener un carro = to have a car). Haber is a verb dedicated to the task of helping express nuanced thoughts such as, “I had had a car” (hab\u00eda tenido un carro).<\/p>\n

Haber is so common it’s usually included in most conjugation tables, even though it’s always used with the past participle of a verb. The past participle of a verb ends in either -ado (for -AR verbs) or -ido (for -ER\/-IR verbs). For example:<\/p>\n

hablado = spoken
\ncomido = eaten
\nvivido = lived<\/em><\/p>\n

Haber is irregular, but once you learn the conjugations for haber, you can use it with any verb (even haber itself, whose past participle is habido). But to keep it simple, let’s use vivido (lived) for the remaining examples:<\/p>\n

Haber in the present (have\/has)<\/h4>\n

he vivido = I have lived
\nha vivido = he\/she has lived
\nhas vivido = you have lived (informal)
\nhan vivido = they have lived
\nhamos vivido = we have lived
\nhab\u00e9is vivido = you all have lived (informal)<\/em><\/p>\n

Haber in the past (had)<\/h4>\n

hab\u00eda vivido = I had lived
\nhab\u00eda vivido = he\/she had lived
\nhab\u00edas vivido = you had lived (informal)
\nhab\u00edan vivido = they had lived
\nhab\u00edamos vivido = we had lived
\nhab\u00edais vivido = you all had lived (informal)<\/em><\/p>\n

Haber in the preterite past (had)<\/h4>\n

hube vivido = I had lived
\nhubo vivido = he\/she had lived
\nhubiste vivido = you had lived (informal)
\nhubieron vivido = they had lived
\nhubimos vivido = we had lived
\nhubisteis vivido = you all had lived (informal)<\/em><\/p>\n

Haber in the future (will have)<\/h4>\n

habr\u00e9 vivido = I will have lived
\nhabr\u00e1 vivido = he\/she will have lived
\nhabr\u00e1s vivido = you will have lived (informal)
\nhabr\u00e1n vivido = they will have lived
\nhabremos vivido = we will have lived
\nhabr\u00e9is vivido = you all will have lived (informal)<\/em><\/p>\n

Haber in the conditional (would have)<\/h4>\n

habr\u00eda vivido = I would have lived
\nhabr\u00eda vivido = he\/she would have lived
\nhabr\u00edas vivido = you would have lived (informal)
\nhabr\u00edan vivido = they would have lived
\nhabr\u00edamos vivido = we would have lived
\nhabr\u00edais vivido = you all would have lived (informal)<\/em><\/p>\n

Haber in the subjunctive present (might have)<\/h4>\n

haya vivido = I might have lived
\nhaya vivido = he\/she might have lived
\nhayas vivido = you might have lived (informal)
\nhayan vivido = they might have lived
\nhayamos vivido = we might have lived
\nhayais vivido = you all might have lived (informal)<\/em><\/p>\n

Haber in the subjunctive past (had maybe)<\/h4>\n

hubiera vivido = I had maybe lived
\nhubiera vivido = he\/she had maybe lived
\nhubieras vivido = you had maybe lived (informal)
\nhubieran vivido = they had maybe lived
\nhubi\u00e9ramos vivido = we had maybe lived
\nhubierais vivido = you all had maybe lived (informal)<\/em><\/p>\n

Haber in the more formal<\/em> subjunctive past (had maybe)<\/h4>\n

hubiese vivido = I had maybe lived
\nhubiese vivido = he\/she had maybe lived
\nhubieses vivido = you had maybe lived (informal)
\nhubiesen vivido = they had maybe lived
\nhubi\u00e9semos vivido = we had maybe lived
\nhubieseis vivido = you all had maybe lived (informal)<\/em><\/p>\n

Haber in the subjunctive future (will hypothetically have)<\/h4>\n

hubiere vivido = I will hypothetically have lived
\nhubiere vivido = he\/she will hypothetically have lived
\nhubieres vivido = you will hypothetically have lived (informal)
\nhubieren vivido = they will hypothetically have lived
\nhubi\u00e9remos vivido = we will hypothetically have lived
\nhubiereis vivido = you all will hypothetically have lived (informal)<\/em><\/p>\n

The last few cases are extremely uncommon, but the patterns are clear and easy to understand (should you encounter them in literature).<\/p>\n

\n

Coming together<\/h2>\n

There are three (and only three) cases where object pronouns can be attached directly to a verb.<\/p>\n

1. Infinitive
\nFor example, dec\u00edrmelo<\/span><\/em> = decir + me + lo = to tell + me + it<\/p>\n

2. present participle
\nFor example, comiendolo = comiendo + lo = eating + it<\/p>\n

3. positive command
\nFor example, d\u00edmelo! = d\u00ed + me + lo = tell + me + it
\n* the negative commands must follow the normal pronoun pattern.
\nFor example, no me lo digas<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

For all other cases the pronouns cannot be appended to the verb. Typically, the subject is implied in the conjugation and the object precedes the conjugated verb (me lo dicen = they told it to me).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Conjugations are sexy. The word “conjugation” shares the same latin origin as “conjugal” (as in “conjugal visit”), which in turn was a loan word from ancient Greek, meaning “to join” (or “to yoke”) together. You can learn conjugations via conjugation tables, and in fact conjugation tables are an excellent resource for looking up specific verb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1041","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-espanol"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingua.avant.net\/v\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1041","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingua.avant.net\/v\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingua.avant.net\/v\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingua.avant.net\/v\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingua.avant.net\/v\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1041"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/lingua.avant.net\/v\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1041\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1168,"href":"https:\/\/lingua.avant.net\/v\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1041\/revisions\/1168"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingua.avant.net\/v\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1041"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingua.avant.net\/v\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1041"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingua.avant.net\/v\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1041"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}